Investigating Landowski's lifestyles in the stories of Ehsan Abdipour's Resāley-e Mūmūsyāh and Gūrāz

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Master's student of Narrative Literature, Department Faculty of Humanities, Kosar University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.

2 Associate Professor of Persian Language and Literature, Department Faculty of Humanities, Kosar University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran.

10.30465/copl.2026.52730.4324
Abstract
One of the topics discussed in social semiotics is lifestyle. Eric Landowski's, a French semiotician, proposes four types of lifestyles: snob, chameleon, dandy, and bear, according to the type of interaction of non- or defeated group people with the dominant or central reference group. He also adds three more styles: the bee, cat, and dog lifestyles. Each of these characters exhibits a specific behavior in relation to the normative reference group, and the dominant reference group deals with them with different strategies of identity acceptance, identity separation, identity rejection, and identity simulation. Ehsan Abdipour, a contemporary writer and director, creates new patterns by challenging Landowski's lifestyle models. The main character of the stories The Resāley-e Mūmūsyāh and Gūrāz displays a range of different life styles and combinations of styles in his interactions with others. The main question of the research is what effect the type of strategy of the reference society in relation to the presence of the other has on the way subjects encounter the other and their choice of intermediate lifestyle. In the aforementioned stories, the protagonist moves from a bear adapted to the universe to a genius human being in order to fulfill his mission in this world. In this movement, other lifestyles and also combined styles are manifested, according to the type of approach of the reference society. This research, using an analytical-descriptive method and based on library research, aims to show the different styles of Landowski's theory in interaction with the universe and the reference society. In fact, the aim of the research is to show the journey of the characters in these two stories in different lifestyles.

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Articles in Press, Corrected Proof
Available Online from 28 January 2026