A comparative study of characterization techniques in the two novels

Keshavarz, Ali; Arian, Hosein

doi:10.30465/copl.2025.51044.4237

A comparative study of characterization techniques in the two novels "The Old Man and the Sea" by Ernest Hemingway and "Tangsir" by Sadegh Chubak based on Leonard Bishop's theory

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

ali keshavarz ¹

Hosein Arian ²

¹ دکتری زبان و ادبیات فارسی، نهاد کتابخانه‌های عمومی کشور، اداره کل کتابخانه‌های عمومی استان قزوین، قزوین، ایران.

² Associate Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan, Iran. arian.amir@iauz.ac.ir

10.30465/copl.2025.51044.4237

Abstract

The story is the character in action. As the characters get more consistent, new signs of their characteristics are revealed, and this causes reactions from them to each other that are completely different from what was previously in mind. Therefore, personality is the result of two impulses. Impulse of individualization and type impulse. Ernest Hemingway in the novel Pirmerd wa Darya and Sadegh Chubak in the novel Tangsir have used common and diverse methods in the characterization of their novels, which include presenting believable characters, using few names in the opening chapter of the story, people with unclear motivation, physical and psychological description of the character, Giving information through secondary characters, expressing the psychological background of the character, brief and useful characterization, accidental characters, intermediate characters, permanent characteristics of the character. The purpose of this research is the comparative analysis of one of the important elements of the story (characterization) in the novel The Old Man and the Sea by Ernest Hemingway and Tangsir Sadegh Chubak. The research method is descriptive-analytical and in a library style. The findings of the research show that in both works, three indicators are prominent and have a high frequency in common, which are: describing the character, believability and truthfulness of the people in the story, mentioning a small number of names at the beginning of the story.

Keywords

Characterization techniques

Old Man Vedria

Tangsir

character description

Leonard Bishop

Subjects